Surgical forceps

ABSTRACT

A forceps includes an end effector assembly having first and second jaw members, each including a proximal flange and a distal jaw body defining a tissue-treating surface. The second jaw member is both proximally offset and spaced-apart from the first jaw member. One or more resilient bands extends between and interconnects the proximal flanges of the jaw members. The resilient band(s) is configured to bias the first and second jaw members towards an open position. The resilient band(s) is configured to flex in response to distal translation of the second jaw member relative to the first jaw member to thereby move the second jaw member relative to the first jaw member to a closed position for grasping tissue between the tissue-treating surfaces thereof. In the closed position, the second jaw member is disposed in an aligned orientation and is approximated relative to the first jaw member.

BACKGROUND

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to surgical instruments and, more particularly, to surgical forceps configured for grasping and treating tissue.

Background of Related Art

A surgical forceps is a plier-like device which relies on mechanical action between its jaws to grasp, clamp, and constrict tissue. Energy-based surgical forceps utilize both mechanical clamping action and energy to treat, e.g., coagulate, cauterize, and/or seal, tissue.

Generally, surgical instruments, including surgical forceps, can be classified as disposable instruments, e.g., instruments that are discarded after a single use, or reusable instruments, e.g., instruments capable of being sterilized for repeated use. As can be appreciated, those instruments that are configured for single-use must be cost-efficient while still being capable of effectively performing their intended functions.

SUMMARY

As used herein, the term “distal” refers to the portion that is being described which is further from a user, while the term “proximal” refers to the portion that is being described which is closer to a user. Further, to the extent consistent, any of the aspects described herein may be used in conjunction with any or all of the other aspects described herein.

A forceps provided in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure includes an end effector assembly having first and second jaw members. Each of the first and second jaw members includes a proximal flange and a distal jaw body defining a tissue-treating surface. The second jaw member is both proximally offset and spaced-apart from the first jaw member. One or more resilient bands extends between and interconnects the proximal flanges of the first and second jaw members. The one or more resilient bands is configured to bias the first and second jaw members towards an open position. The one or more resilient bands is further configured to flex in response to distal translation of the second jaw member relative to the first jaw member to thereby move the second jaw member relative to the first jaw member to a closed position for grasping tissue between the tissue-treating surfaces thereof. The second jaw member is disposed in an aligned orientation and is approximated relative to the first jaw member in the closed position.

In an aspect of the present disclosure, the one or more resilient bands includes one or more spring steel bands.

In another aspect of the present disclosure, the one or more resilient bands includes first and second legs engaged with the respective proximal flanges of the first and second jaw members and a body interconnecting the first and second legs. Further, in the open position, interior angles defined between the legs and the body of the one or more resilient bands may be at a minimum, while such angles may be at a maximum in the closed position.

In still another aspect of the present disclosure, the forceps further includes a shaft having the proximal flange of the first jaw member engaged thereto and a drive bar slidably disposed within the shaft. The drive bar includes the proximal flange of the second jaw member engaged thereto.

In yet another aspect of the present disclosure, distal translation of the drive bar through and relative to the shaft moves the second jaw member from the open position to the closed position to grasp tissue between the tissue-treating surfaces of the first and second jaw members.

In still yet another aspect of the present disclosure, a handle assembly is operably associated with the drive bar and includes a movable handle selectively actuatable for translating the drive bar through and relative to the shaft.

In another aspect of the present disclosure, one or both of the tissue-treating surfaces is adapted to connect to a source of energy for treating tissue grasped between the tissue-treating surfaces of the first and second jaw members.

Another forceps provided in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure includes an end effector assembly having first and second jaw members each including a proximal flange and a distal jaw body defining a tissue-treating surface. The first and second jaw members are movable between an open position, wherein the second jaw member is longitudinally offset, spaced-apart, and rotationally offset relative to the first jaw member, and a closed position, wherein the second jaw member is longitudinally aligned, approximated, and rotationally aligned relative to the first jaw member. The tissue-treating surfaces of the first and second jaw members cooperate to grasp tissue therebetween in the closed position.

In an aspect of the present disclosure, the forceps further includes a shaft having the proximal flange of the first jaw member engaged thereto and a drive bar slidably disposed within the shaft. The drive bar is operably engaged with the proximal flange of the second jaw member and may be configured such that distal translation of the drive bar through and relative to the shaft moves the second jaw member from the open position to the closed position to grasp tissue between the tissue-treating surfaces of the first and second jaw members.

In another aspect of the present disclosure, a handle assembly is operably associated with the drive bar. The handle assembly includes a movable handle selectively actuatable for translating the drive bar distally through and relative to the shaft.

In yet another aspect of the present disclosure, a lead screw is disposed within and fixed relative to the shaft and a nut is operably disposed about the lead screw and engaged with the proximal flange of the second jaw member. The drive bar is rotatably coupled to the nut such that translation of the drive bar through and relative to the shaft translates the second jaw member relative to the lead screw and rotates the second jaw member relative to the lead screw.

In still another aspect of the present disclosure, the second jaw member is rotatable about a rotation axis that is parallel to or coaxial with a longitudinal axis of the shaft.

In still yet another aspect of the present disclosure, at least one of the tissue-treating surfaces is adapted to connect to a source of energy for treating tissue grasped between the tissue-treating surfaces of the first and second jaw members.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Various aspects and features of the present disclosure described herein with reference to the drawings wherein:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an endoscopic surgical forceps provided in accordance with the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a side view of the proximal end of the forceps of FIG. 1, with a portion of the housing removed to enable illustration of the internal features thereof;

FIG. 3A is an enlarged, side, perspective view of the distal end of the forceps of FIG. 1, wherein jaw members of the end effector assembly of the forceps are disposed in an open position;

FIG. 3B is an enlarged, side, perspective view of the distal end of the forceps of FIG. 1, wherein the jaw members of the end effector assembly of the forceps are disposed in a closed position;

FIG. 4A is an enlarged, side, perspective view of the distal end of another forceps provided in accordance with the present disclosure, wherein jaw members of the end effector assembly of the forceps are disposed in an open position; and

FIG. 4B is an enlarged, side, perspective view of the distal end of the forceps of FIG. 4A, wherein the jaw members of the end effector assembly of the forceps are disposed in a closed position.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Referring to FIG. 1, an embodiment of a surgical forceps provided in accordance with the present disclosure is shown generally identified by reference numeral 10. Although surgical forceps 10 is shown configured for use in connection with endoscopic surgical procedures, the aspects and features of surgical forceps 10 provided in accordance with the present disclosure are equally applicable for use in more traditional open surgical procedures and/or with any other suitable surgical instrument.

Forceps 10 generally includes a housing 20, a handle assembly 30, a rotating assembly 70, an activation switch 4, and an end effector assembly 100. Forceps 10 further includes a shaft 12 having a distal end 14 configured to engage end effector assembly 100 and a proximal end 16 that engages housing 20. Forceps 10 also includes cable 2 that connects forceps 10 to an energy source (not shown), e.g., a generator or other suitable power source, although forceps 10 may alternatively be configured as a battery-powered device. Cable 2 includes a wire (or wires) (not shown) extending therethrough that has sufficient length to extend through shaft 12 in order to provide energy to one or both tissue-treating surfaces 114, 124 of jaw members 110, 120, respectively. However, energy may be supplied to respective tissue-treating surfaces 114, 124 (FIG. 3) of jaw members 110, 120 in any other suitable fashion, e.g., via conductive structural components of forceps 10, brush-contacts, etc. Activation switch 4 is coupled between tissue-treating surfaces 114, 124 of jaw members 110, 120, respectively, and the source of energy for enabling the selective supply of energy to jaw members 110, 120 for treating tissue grasped therebetween. Rotating assembly 70 is rotatable in either direction to rotate end effector assembly 100 relative to housing 20.

With additional reference to FIG. 2, handle assembly 30 includes a fixed handle 50 and a movable handle 40. Fixed handle 50 is integrally associated with housing 20 while movable handle 40 is pivotably coupled to housing 20 within housing 20 via a pivot 42. Movable handle 40 is also operably coupled to a drive assembly 60 operably associated with end effector assembly 100 that, together, mechanically cooperate to impart movement of jaw member 120 relative to jaw member 110 between an open position and a closed position for grasping tissue therebetween. More specifically, movable handle 40 is coupled to a drive bar 62 via a drive mandrel 64 such that movement of movable handle 40 relative to fixed handle 50 effects longitudinal translation of drive bar 62 through shaft 12 and relative to end effector assembly 100. As detailed below, the distal end of drive bar 62 supports jaw member 120 such that longitudinal translation of drive bar 62 through shaft 12 moves jaw member 120 relative to jaw member 110 between the open position (FIG. 3A) and the closed position (FIG. 3B).

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, movable handle 40 is initially spaced-apart from fixed handle 50 and, correspondingly, jaw members 110, 120 are disposed in the open position. Movable handle 40 is compressible from this initial position to a compressed position corresponding to the closed position of jaw members 110, 120. A biasing member 66 may be disposed about drive bar 62 and positioned to bias jaw members 110, 120 towards the open position and movable handle 40 apart from fixed handle 50. However, other configurations for biasing jaw members 110, 120 towards the spaced-apart position and/or positions of biasing member 66 for accomplishing the same are also contemplated.

Referring to FIGS. 3A and 3B, in conjunction with FIGS. 1 and 2, end effector assembly 100 includes first and second jaw members 110, 120, each including a proximal flange 111, 121 and a distal jaw body 112, 122 including an outer insulative jaw housing 113, 123 and a tissue-treating surface 114, 124, respectively. Alternatively, one of both of jaw members 110, 12 may be monolithically formed from a conductive material. Proximal flange 111 of jaw member 110 is fixedly engaged with distal end 14 of shaft 12 and extends distally therefrom. Proximal flange 121 of jaw member 120 is supported on the distal end of drive bar 62, e.g., monolithically formed therewith or otherwise engaged thereto, and extends distally therefrom. A pair of resilient bands 130 extend between and operably interconnect proximal flanges 111, 121 of jaw members 110, 120, respectively, although it is also envisioned that greater or fewer bands 130 be provided. Bands 130 may define any suitable configuration and/or construction that serves to bias jaw members 110, 120 towards the open position (FIG. 3A), wherein jaw member 120 is proximally offset and spaced-apart from jaw member 110, and allows bands 130 to flex in response to distal translation of drive bar 62 such that jaw member 120 is moved distally into alignment with jaw member 110 and towards jaw member 110 into approximation therewith to achieve the closed position (FIG. 3B).

Each band 130 may be formed from spring steel and define a body portion 132 and a leg 134 at each end of body portion 132. Legs 134 of each band 130 are engaged to proximal flanges 111, 121 of jaw members 110, 120, e.g., via adhesion, bolting, welding, or other suitable engagement, and are disposed in generally parallel orientation relative to one another. Body portions 132 of bands 130 extend between proximal flanges 111, 121 of jaw members 110, 120 and are also disposed in generally parallel orientation relative to one another. Body portions 132 are disposed in transverse orientation relative to legs 134.

In the open position of jaw members 110, 120 (FIG. 3A), the interior angles “α,” “β” defined at the living hinges between body portions 132 and the legs 134 engaged with respective proximal flanges 111, 121 are at a minimum. Upon distal translation of drive bar 62, e.g., via actuation of movable handle 40 (FIGS. 1 and 2), jaw member 120 is urged distally relative to jaw member 110. In order to accommodate this distal movement, the living hinges defined between body portions 132 and the legs 134 engaged with respective proximal flanges 111, 121 are flexed so as to increase angles “α,” “β,” respectively, to a maximum, thereby urging jaw member 120 towards jaw member 110 as jaw member 120 is moved distally. Ultimately, the closed position (FIG. 3B) of jaw members 110, 120 is reached, wherein jaw member 120 is aligned with and approximated relative to jaw member 110. Jaw members 110, 120 may be moved to the closed position to grasp tissue between tissue-treating surfaces 114, 124. Thereafter, energy may be supplied to tissue-treating surface 114 of jaw member 110 and/or tissue-treating surface 124 of jaw member 120 to treat tissue grasped therebetween. As a result of the resilient configuration of the spring steel bands 130, jaw member 120 is returned proximally and apart from jaw member 110 upon release or return of movable handle 40 (FIGS. 1 and 2) to its initial position, e.g., to release treated tissue.

Turning now to FIGS. 4A and 4B, the distal end of another embodiment of a forceps 10′ provided in accordance with the present disclosure is shown generally including a shaft 12′ and an end effector assembly 200 disposed at distal end 14′ of shaft 12′. The proximal end of forceps 10′ may include components similar to those detailed above with respect to forceps 10 (FIG. 1), e.g., a handle assembly and drive assembly for selectively translating drive bar 62′ through shaft 12′ to move jaw members 210, 220 of end effector assembly 200 between open and closed positions, as detailed below.

End effector assembly 200 includes first and second jaw members 210, 220, each including a proximal flange 211, 221 and a distal jaw body 212, 222 including an outer insulative jaw housing 213, 223 and a tissue-treating surface 214, 224, respectively. Proximal flange 211 of jaw member 210 is fixedly engaged with distal end 14′ of shaft 12′ and extends distally therefrom. A nut 226 is fixedly engaged, e.g., monolithically formed or otherwise engaged, with proximal flange 221 of jaw member 220 at the proximal end thereof. Nut 226 defines an interior threaded bore 227 and includes an annular recess 229 defined about the exterior thereof. Nut 226 operably receives a lead screw 68 at least partially within threaded bore 227 thereof. Lead screw 68 is translationally and rotationally fixed relative to shaft 12′ and includes drive bar 62′ slidably disposed thereabout. Drive bar 62′ includes an inwardly-extending radial lip 69 that is received within annular recess 229 of nut 226 so as to rotatably engage jaw member 220 with drive bar 62′. More specifically, as a result of this configuration, distal translation of drive bar 62′ about lead screw 68 urges nut 226 and, thus, jaw member 220 distally relative to shaft 12′ and jaw member 210, while the operable engagement of nut 226 about lead screw 68 urges nut 226 to rotate relative to lead screw 68 upon such distal translation, thereby rotating jaw member 220 relative to shaft 12′ and jaw member 210. As can be appreciated, jaw member 220 is rotated relative to shaft 12′ about an axis parallel to or coaxial with the longitudinal axis of shaft 12′. However, other configurations are also contemplated.

In the open position of end effector assembly 200 (FIG. 4A), jaw member 220 is longitudinally offset, rotationally offset, and spaced-apart relative to jaw member 210. Upon distal translation of drive bar 62′, drive bar 62′ urges jaw member 220 distally into longitudinal alignment with jaw member 210 while the operable engagement of nut 226 about lead screw 68 urges jaw member 220 to rotate into rotational alignment and approximation relative to jaw member 210, thus achieving the closed position of jaw members 210, 220 (FIG. 4B). Jaw members 210, 220 may be moved to the closed position to grasp tissue between tissue-treating surfaces 214, 224. Thereafter, energy may be supplied to tissue-treating surface 214 of jaw member 210 and/or tissue-treating surface 224 of jaw member 220 to treat tissue grasped therebetween. Proximal translation of drive bar 62′ pulls jaw member 220 proximally relative to jaw member 210, while the operable engagement of nut 226 about lead screw 68 urges jaw member 220 to rotate away from and out of rotational alignment with jaw member 210, thus returning jaw members 210, 220 to the open position.

The various embodiments disclosed herein may also be configured to work with robotic surgical systems and what is commonly referred to as “Telesurgery.” Such systems employ various robotic elements to assist the surgeon and allow remote operation (or partial remote operation) of surgical instrumentation. Various robotic arms, gears, cams, pulleys, electric and mechanical motors, etc. may be employed for this purpose and may be designed with a robotic surgical system to assist the surgeon during the course of an operation or treatment. Such robotic systems may include remotely steerable systems, automatically flexible surgical systems, remotely flexible surgical systems, remotely articulating surgical systems, wireless surgical systems, modular or selectively configurable remotely operated surgical systems, etc.

The robotic surgical systems may be employed with one or more consoles that are next to the operating theater or located in a remote location. In this instance, one team of surgeons or nurses may prep the patient for surgery and configure the robotic surgical system with one or more of the instruments disclosed herein while another surgeon (or group of surgeons) remotely control the instruments via the robotic surgical system. As can be appreciated, a highly skilled surgeon may perform multiple operations in multiple locations without leaving his/her remote console which can be both economically advantageous and a benefit to the patient or a series of patients.

The robotic arms of the surgical system are typically coupled to a pair of master handles by a controller. The handles can be moved by the surgeon to produce a corresponding movement of the working ends of any type of surgical instrument (e.g., end effectors, graspers, knifes, scissors, etc.) which may complement the use of one or more of the embodiments described herein. The movement of the master handles may be scaled so that the working ends have a corresponding movement that is different, smaller or larger, than the movement performed by the operating hands of the surgeon. The scale factor or gearing ratio may be adjustable so that the operator can control the resolution of the working ends of the surgical instrument(s).

The master handles may include various sensors to provide feedback to the surgeon relating to various tissue parameters or conditions, e.g., tissue resistance due to manipulation, cutting or otherwise treating, pressure by the instrument onto the tissue, tissue temperature, tissue impedance, etc. As can be appreciated, such sensors provide the surgeon with enhanced tactile feedback simulating actual operating conditions. The master handles may also include a variety of different actuators for delicate tissue manipulation or treatment further enhancing the surgeon's ability to mimic actual operating conditions.

From the foregoing and with reference to the various figure drawings, those skilled in the art will appreciate that certain modifications can also be made to the present disclosure without departing from the scope of the same. While several embodiments of the disclosure have been shown in the drawings, it is not intended that the disclosure be limited thereto, as it is intended that the disclosure be as broad in scope as the art will allow and that the specification be read likewise. Therefore, the above description should not be construed as limiting, but merely as exemplifications of particular embodiments. Those skilled in the art will envision other modifications within the scope and spirit of the claims appended hereto. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A forceps, comprising: an end effector assembly, including: first and second jaw members, each of the first and second jaw members including a proximal flange and a distal jaw body defining a tissue-treating surface, the second jaw member proximally offset and spaced-apart from the first jaw member when in a first, open position; and at least one resilient band defining first and second interior angles and extending between and interconnecting the proximal flanges of the first and second jaw members, the at least one resilient band configured to bias the first and second jaw members towards the first, open position and a drive bar, wherein a distal portion of the drive bar directly supports the proximal flange of the second jaw member, and wherein distal translation of the drive bar effectuates a corresponding distal translation of the second jaw member relative to the first jaw member, the at least one resilient band configured to flex in response to the distal translation of the second jaw member and move the second jaw member into a second, approximated position where the first and second jaw members are longitudinally aligned.
 2. The forceps according to claim 1, wherein the at least one resilient band includes at least one spring steel band.
 3. The forceps according to claim 1, wherein the at least one resilient band includes first and second legs engaged with the respective proximal flanges of the first and second jaw members and a body interconnecting the first and second legs.
 4. The forceps according to claim 3, wherein, in the first, open position, the first and second interior angles are at a minimum and wherein, in the second, approximated position, the first and second interior angles are at a maximum.
 5. The forceps according to claim 1, further including: a shaft having the proximal flange of the first jaw member engaged thereto wherein the drive bar is slidably disposed within the shaft, the drive bar including the proximal flange of the second jaw member engaged thereto.
 6. The forceps according to claim 5, wherein distal translation of the drive bar through and relative to the shaft moves the second jaw member from the first, open position to the second, approximated position to grasp tissue between the tissue-treating surfaces of the first and second jaw members.
 7. The forceps according to claim 5, further including a handle assembly operably associated with the drive bar, the handle assembly including a movable handle selectively actuatable for translating the drive bar through and relative to the shaft.
 8. The forceps according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the tissue-treating surfaces is adapted to connect to a source of energy for treating tissue grasped between the tissue-treating surfaces of the first and second jaw members. 